Kiln.



No. 815,388. PATENTED MAR.20, 1906..

R. w. STEWART.

` .KILN.

APPLICLTION FILED DEC. 4. 1905.

' rey! vertical sectional showing the flue ROBERT w. STEWART,

PATENT OFFICE OF FINLAY, OHIO.

KlLN.

To all whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, ROBERT W. STEWART, a citizen of the United Statesfresiding at Findlay, in the county of Hancock and State of O '0, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns and I'do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact-description of the invention,-such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make' and usethe same.

he invention relates especially to what are known as doWndraft-kilns" for burning brick, tile, pottery, and other ceramic prod- The chief objects of the invention are,- first, to nsure the production of more evenly burned ware; second, to effect a reduction in the proportion of damaged Ware, and, third, tlohsave time and fuel Construction in Which supplementary ascendng currents of air in specific parts of the kiln and descending counter-Currents in other and cooler parts of the kiln are created.

he'invention consists in the Construction hereinafter described and claimed, the claimsnot being limited to the precise forms or proportions of parts shown.

In the accompanying drawings, showing an embodiment ofthe improvement, Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 4 4, Fig. 2 is a ce'ntralvertical sectional View through the line 1 2 3,'Fig. 1, some parts being left in full and other parts broken out. Fig. 3-is a horizontal sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 1 1, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a view on the line 2 4, Fig. 1, for carrying ofi the smoke and waste products of combustion. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, Fig. 5. In the several views, E designates the kilnwall, A a fire-box or furnace therein, and D a chimney therefor that opens into the interior of the kiln near the crown thereof. C `desig-- nates a supplemental or circulating flue or I chimney built out from the kiln-wall around three sides of the flueD, and B Bare openngs thereto at its-lower end. 50.

he supplemental chimney O, as shown' in Fg. 2, lS a separate ancl'distinct one surrounding'on three sfdes the chimney D, so that the heat and products of combustion Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed December 4, 1905. SerialNo. 290,l48.

'ware into' the cooler parts of the placng the ware Patented. March 20, 1906.

chimne D corres ondin ly heat the air i-nthe flue p g designat'es the outer for conveying away the products ol" combustion, the opening from the kiln ney.-

The operation of the improvement is as follows: The products of combustion from the furnace pass up the chimney D and heat that chimney, and therefo're the air in the flue C, above the temperature of the air in the 6 5, body and bottom of the kiln. The warmer' air rising through the chimney C mixes with and moderates the intensity of the heat direct from the furnace, and therefore protects the Ware in the upper part of the kiln, and es- 7o pecially that near the chimney. The air from the flues C and D then descends through the kiln and n its descent carries With it and transmits to the surrounding air the heat gained in its ascent. Provision can be made by sutably within the kiln, so that the heated-descendin'g air Will pass through the Ware near the floor or through passages under 4 the floor and return to the chimneys, thus maintaining the circulation until an equilibrium of temperature is established throughout the kiln.

In another application filed concurrently herewith I broadly claim this invention.

It -is obvious that the flues O and Dvneed not be of exactlythe same height and that the products of combustion can be disposed of otherwise than by a stack F.

chimney outside of a' chimney is prefer able when' it is' desired to construct any part thereof of common brick or unburned plastic Ware instead of all fire-brick. If refractory wares are to be burned, a single chimney having a partition-wall maybe substituted* for ,the se arate chimneys.

What claim, and desire to ters-Patent herein, is` v l. In a kiln, a chimney having-a main or fire flue that takes air from the eXterior of the IOO kiln, and a supplemental flue adjacent to and rising in said 5 chi'mney or stack smoke and waste and G designates to said outer chimi secure by Leti surrounding three sides of the main flue the 2. In a kln, a chmney having a man or In testnony tvhereof a'x my signature fire flue that takes air from the exteror of the in presence of tWo witnesses. kiln and dscharges into the nteror of the kln, and a supplemental flue surrounding ROBERT STEXVART' 5 three sdes of the main flue, said upplemen- VVtnesses:

tal flue eommunieatng at its upper and VIOLA TEMPLE,

lower ends With the nteror of the kln. MINOR BRANCHLEY. 

